{"id":755,"date":"2025-07-11T01:51:13","date_gmt":"2025-07-11T01:51:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/?post_type=docs&#038;p=755"},"modified":"2025-07-29T13:05:09","modified_gmt":"2025-07-29T13:05:09","password":"","slug":"knowledge-and-indigenous-societies-cultural-ownership-2","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/docs\/knowledge-and-indigenous-societies-cultural-ownership-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Cultural Ownership, Lesson 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lesson 2: Fact-Finding Task<\/h2><p><strong>Focus<\/strong>:<em> How do real-world examples of Indigenous fashion co-option and genuine collaboration highlight tensions between ethics, cultural ownership, and knowledge?<\/em><\/p><p>Suggested length: 1 hour<\/p><p>Learning objectives:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Investigate real-world case studies that illustrate how the co-option of Indigenous fashion impacts the visibility, credibility, and accessibility of knowledge.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Substantiate or challenge the claims from Lesson 1 using evidence from media articles, video interviews, and brand case examples.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Develop critical thinking and source evaluation skills by connecting practical examples to abstract knowledge questions<\/li>\n<\/ul><figure class=\"wp-block-table align-top\"><table class=\"has-background has-fixed-layout\" style=\"background-color:#e9f1fb\"><thead><tr><th>Critical Thinking Concepts<\/th><th>TOK Concepts<\/th><th>Reflection Questions<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Confronting Biases and Assumptions:<\/strong> Evaluate how assumptions that &ldquo;visibility and profit are always good&rdquo; shape perceptions of brand collaborations and reflect on how dominant cultural norms shape what is perceived as appreciation versus appropriation.<br><br><strong>Exploring Contexts:<\/strong> Examine how corporations and global fashion industries influence which cultural knowledge is celebrated, distorted, or erased and how cultural appropriation is perceived differently across societies.<br><br><strong>Extrapolation and Reapplication of Principles:<\/strong> Analyze how power, platform, and representation affect which voices are amplified or tokenized in cross-cultural work.<br><\/td><td><strong>Power: <\/strong>How do global brands, economic systems, and media platforms influence whose cultural knowledge is amplified, commercialized, or silenced?<br><br><strong>Ethics: <\/strong>What responsibilities do brands and creators have when engaging with cultural knowledge from communities that have historically been marginalized?<br><br><strong>Perspective: <\/strong>How do different cultural, social, or economic positions influence how people interpret an act as appropriation or respectful collaboration?<\/td><td>How did your case study affect your view of cultural appropriation vs. collaboration?<br><br>Who benefited most in your case &mdash; designers, communities, or corporations?<br><br>Can collaborations with Indigenous communities truly be equal when power and profit are so unevenly distributed?<br><br>What role should visibility, credit, and consent play in determining whether cultural knowledge is used ethically?<br><br>Should all uses of Indigenous fashion require community approval, or are there exceptions?<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><style>#sp-ea-747 .spcollapsing { height: 0; overflow: hidden; transition-property: height;transition-duration: 300ms;}#sp-ea-747.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single {margin-bottom: 10px; border: 1px solid #e2e2e2; }#sp-ea-747.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.ea-header a {color: #444;}#sp-ea-747.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.sp-collapse>.ea-body {background: #fff; color: #444;}#sp-ea-747.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single {background: #eee;}#sp-ea-747.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.ea-header a .ea-expand-icon { float: left; color: #444;font-size: 16px;}<\/style><div id=\"sp_easy_accordion-1750977077\"><div id=\"sp-ea-747\" class=\"sp-ea-one sp-easy-accordion\" data-ea-active=\"ea-click\" data-ea-mode=\"vertical\" data-preloader=\"\" data-scroll-active-item=\"\" data-offset-to-scroll=\"0\"><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-7470\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse7470\" aria-controls=\"collapse7470\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Resources and Preparation<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse7470\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-7470\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><ol><li>Slides, attached below.<\/li><li>Students will need access to their Kialo discussions from Lesson 1.<\/li><li>Ensure students complete the homework preparation task.<\/li><li>Videos\/readings accompanying the case studies of your choice should be viewed in advance.<\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-7471\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse7471\" aria-controls=\"collapse7471\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Homework Preparation Task<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse7471\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-7471\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><b>Case Study Task<\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Divide students into small groups and assign each group a case study related to the topic.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students will add their evidence to the Kialo discussion from Lesson 1.<\/span><\/p><h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Each group will:<\/span><\/h4><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reflect on how these cases connect to the concepts discussed in Lesson 1.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Explore their assigned case using the provided resources and their own research.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Prepare a short presentation (5&ndash;10 mins) responding to the following question: \"How does the brand's use of Indigenous fashion affect the visibility, credibility, or accessibility of knowledge in this case?\"<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students should include details of:<\/span><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What happened in the case.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">How cultural appropriation or collaboration influenced what Indigenous knowledge was visible or valued.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Which TOK concept (power, culture, perspective, or ethics) is most relevant.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whether the case supports or challenges a claim from Lesson 1.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p><b>Case Study Options<\/b><\/p><h4><b>Isabel Marant and Mixe Blouse<\/b><\/h4><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Focus<\/strong>: Alleged cultural appropriation of traditional Mixe embroidery from Santa Mar&iacute;a Tlahuitoltepec, Oaxaca, Mexico.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Task<\/strong>: Examine the debate surrounding the originality of designs, intellectual property rights, and community impact.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Resource<\/strong>:&nbsp;<\/span><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Guardian: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/global-development-professionals-network\/2015\/jun\/17\/mexican-mixe-blouse-isabel-marant\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Isabel Marant accused of plagiarising Mexican Indigenous designs<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><h4><b>Louis Vuitton and Maasai Check<\/b><\/h4><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Focus<\/strong>: Use of the iconic Maasai shuka (red and blue checked fabric) in Louis Vuitton's collection without initial recognition or compensation.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Task<\/strong>: Analyze the ethical implications of using globally recognized Indigenous patterns and the subsequent efforts towards negotiation or legal protection.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Resource<\/strong>:<\/span><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Independent: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/life-style\/fashion\/maasai-people-cultural-appropriation-luxury-fashion-retailers-louis-vuitton-east-africa-intellectual-property-intiative-mipi-a7553701.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maasai people of East Africa fighting against cultural appropriation by luxury fashion labels<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><h4><b>Urban Outfitters and Navajo Nation<\/b><\/h4><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Focus<\/strong>: Controversy over Urban Outfitters using \"Navajo\" and other tribal names for products without permission, leading to a legal battle.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Task<\/strong>: Investigate the legal challenges of trademarking Indigenous names and designs, and the concept of cultural brand dilution.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Resource<\/strong>:&nbsp;<\/span><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">NPR: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2012\/04\/05\/150062611\/navajo-nation-sues-urban-outfitters-over-trademark\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Navajo Nation Sues Urban Outfitters Over 'Navajo' Products<\/span><\/a><b><\/b><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><h4><b>Stella Jean and Haitian Artists\/Artisans<\/b><\/h4><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Focus<\/strong>: A Haitian-Italian designer known for highlighting Haitian craftsmanship on global runways. Celebrated for promoting cultural visibility, her work also invites reflection on what fair and authentic collaboration looks like.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Task<\/strong>: Explore how Stella Jean&rsquo;s approach balances empowerment and complexity in cross-cultural partnerships.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Resources:&nbsp;<\/strong><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Forbes: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/liviahengel\/2019\/06\/25\/how-this-haitian-italian-designer-takes-local-fashion-global\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">How This Haitian-Italian Designer Takes Local Fashion Global<\/span><\/a><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/designandculturebyed.com\/tag\/stella-jean\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Design and Culture by ED<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-7472\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse7472\" aria-controls=\"collapse7472\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Introduction<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse7472\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-7472\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><b>Recap and Frame the Task<\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Review key arguments from the previous debate on cultural ownership.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Quick group reflection: What claims did you find most convincing or most problematic in last class&rsquo;s debate? Were there any claims that felt hard to prove or lacked real-world examples?<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Present the task&rsquo;s guiding question: <em>\"How do real-world examples of Indigenous fashion co-option and genuine collaboration highlight tensions between ethics, cultural ownership, and knowledge?\"<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Emphasise applying ownership, power, culture, perspective, and ethics to evaluate how language shapes digital knowledge.<\/span><\/p><p><b>Bridge to Lesson 2<\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Explain that students will now investigate how real-world practices, policies, and brand strategies influence what Indigenous knowledge becomes visible or credible.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Clarify the goal: Move from opinion to evidence. These case studies are not about cultural appropriation in theory &mdash; they are about who gets heard, trusted, or erased because of how designs are used.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-7473\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse7473\" aria-controls=\"collapse7473\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Main Activity<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse7473\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-7473\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><b>Presentations<\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students present their case studies to the class.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students should take note of any useful points from other groups&rsquo; presentations to use in the Kialo discussion.<\/span><\/p><p><b>Recording Findings in a Kialo Discussion<\/b><\/p><h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students return to the Kialo discussion from Lesson 1 and:<\/span><\/h4><ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Add at least one new claim or counterclaim based on their case study.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reply to at least one peer&rsquo;s argument, using insights from another group&rsquo;s case.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Label their post with the relevant TOK concept (e.g., power &mdash; Louis Vuitton\/Maasai).<\/span><\/li><li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><\/ul><h4><b>Focus areas for Kialo updates<\/b><\/h4><ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cultural Gatekeeping: Who controls which cultural designs\/stories are shared or profited from?<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ethical Framing: How do collaborations and appropriations shape the meaning and value of Indigenous fashion?<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Knowledge Inequality: Are all cultural knowledge systems equally respected or valued in the global fashion industry?<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-7474\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse7474\" aria-controls=\"collapse7474\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Reflection Activity<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse7474\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-7474\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&nbsp;Discuss the following reflection questions in open discussion or exit ticket format:<\/span><\/h4><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">How did your case study affect your view of cultural appropriation vs. collaboration?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What made certain examples feel more exploitative or more empowering?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Who benefited most in your case &mdash; designers, communities, or corporations?<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h4><b>Exit Ticket or Class Discussion:<\/b><\/h4><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Can collaborations with Indigenous communities truly be equal when power and profit are so unevenly distributed?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What role should visibility, credit, and consent play in determining whether cultural knowledge is used ethically?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Should all uses of Indigenous fashion require community approval, or are there exceptions?<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Related Materials<\/h2><div data-height=\"auto\">\n\t\t\t<p>\n\t\t\t\t<strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kialo-edu.com\/p\/fe60edaa-84a7-42a4-a09a-333cd3dcaf4b\/487651\" referrerpolicy=\"unsafe-url\" rel=\"nofollow\">Should cultural expressions, such as traditional fashion, belong only to their originating communities, or be open for global use?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/strong> &mdash; 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shape perceptions of brand collaborations and reflect [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":52,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"wds_primary_doc_category":0,"wds_primary_doc_tag":0,"footnotes":""},"doc_category":[27],"doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-755","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","doc_category-knowledge-indigenous"],"acf":[],"year_month":"2026-05","word_count":299,"total_views":"23","reactions":{"happy":"0","normal":"0","sad":"0"},"author_info":{"name":"stephanie","author_nicename":"stephanie","author_url":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/author\/stephanie\/"},"doc_category_info":[{"term_name":"Knowledge and Indigenous Society","term_url":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/docs-category\/knowledge-indigenous\/"}],"doc_tag_info":[],"knowledge_base_info":[],"knowledge_base_slug":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/755","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/52"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=755"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/755\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=755"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_category?post=755"},{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=755"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}