{"id":595,"date":"2025-07-11T01:23:11","date_gmt":"2025-07-11T01:23:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/?post_type=docs&#038;p=595"},"modified":"2025-07-11T12:49:40","modified_gmt":"2025-07-11T12:49:40","password":"","slug":"knowledge-and-language-lingua-franca-2","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/docs\/knowledge-and-language-lingua-franca-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Lingua Franca, Lesson 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lesson 2: Fact-Finding Task<\/h2><p><strong>Focus:<\/strong><em> <em>Does the dominance of a language shape what is visible and valued on the internet?<\/em><\/em><\/p><p>Learning objectives:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Investigate real-world case studies that illustrate how language impacts the visibility, credibility, and accessibility of knowledge online.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Substantiate or challenge the claims from Lesson 1 using evidence from media articles, video interviews, and platform case examples.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Develop critical thinking and source evaluation skills by connecting practical examples to abstract knowledge questions.<\/li>\n<\/ul><figure class=\"wp-block-table align-top\"><table class=\"has-background has-fixed-layout\" style=\"background-color:#e9f1fb\"><thead><tr><th>Critical Thinking Concepts<\/th><th>TOK Concepts<\/th><th>Reflection Questions<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Confronting Biases and Assumptions:<\/strong> Recognize how language dominance can reflect geopolitical, economic, or institutional power.<br><br><strong>Exploring Contexts:<\/strong> Examine how translation, moderation, and platform design reflect or erase cultural perspectives.<br><br><strong>Responsiveness and Flexibility of Thought:<\/strong> Navigate how language can both expand access and create silos, depending on the context.<br><\/td><td><strong>Power:<\/strong> To what extent does language determine who has the authority to create and disseminate knowledge in digital spaces?<br><br><strong>Culture:<\/strong> How does the cultural context embedded in language influence the way knowledge is understood and communicated?<br><br><strong>Perspective:<\/strong> In what ways do different languages shape distinct versions of reality, and how does this affect our understanding of truth?<br><br><\/td><td>How did the case studies challenge or deepen your understanding of how language influences what we see, trust, or ignore online?<br><br>Whose knowledge or perspective was missing, silenced, or distorted in the examples you explored &mdash; and why might that matter?<br><br>Can knowledge truly be global if it&rsquo;s shaped by a few dominant languages? What are the consequences for those outside that linguistic majority?<br><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><style>#sp-ea-589 .spcollapsing { height: 0; overflow: hidden; transition-property: height;transition-duration: 300ms;}#sp-ea-589.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single {margin-bottom: 10px; border: 1px solid #e2e2e2; }#sp-ea-589.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.ea-header a {color: #444;}#sp-ea-589.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.sp-collapse>.ea-body {background: #fff; color: #444;}#sp-ea-589.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single {background: #eee;}#sp-ea-589.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.ea-header a .ea-expand-icon { float: left; color: #444;font-size: 16px;}<\/style><div id=\"sp_easy_accordion-1750933361\"><div id=\"sp-ea-589\" class=\"sp-ea-one sp-easy-accordion\" data-ea-active=\"ea-click\" data-ea-mode=\"vertical\" data-preloader=\"\" data-scroll-active-item=\"\" data-offset-to-scroll=\"0\"><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-5890\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse5890\" aria-controls=\"collapse5890\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Resources and Preparation<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse5890\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-5890\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><ol><li>Slides, attached below.<\/li><li>Students will need access to their Kialo discussions from Lesson 1.<\/li><li>Ensure students complete the homework preparation task.<\/li><li>Videos\/readings accompanying the case studies of your choice should be viewed in advance.<\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-5891\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse5891\" aria-controls=\"collapse5891\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Homework Preparation Task<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse5891\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-5891\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><b>Case Study Task<\/b><\/p><p>Discussion Prompt: <em>Does the dominance of a language shape what is visible and valued on the internet?<\/em><\/p><p>Divide students into small groups and assign each group a case study related to the topic. Suggestions are listed below. Students will add their evidence to the Kialo discussion from Lesson 1.<\/p><p>Each group will:<\/p><ul><li>Reflect on how these cases connect to the concepts discussed in Lesson 1.<\/li><li>Explore their assigned case using the provided resource and their own research.<\/li><li>Prepare a short presentation (5&ndash;10 mins) responding to the question: How does language affect visibility, credibility, or accessibility of knowledge in this case?<\/li><\/ul><p>Students should include details of:<\/p><ul><li>What happened in the case.<\/li><li>How language influenced what knowledge was visible or valued.<\/li><li>Which TOK concept (power, culture, or perspective) is most relevant.<\/li><li>Whether the case supports or challenges a claim from Lesson 1.<\/li><\/ul><p><b>Case Study Options<\/b><\/p><p><b>Wikipedia&rsquo;s Language Divide<\/b><\/p><ul><li><strong>Focus:<\/strong> The manipulation of smaller Wikipedia editions.<\/li><li><strong>Task:<\/strong> Examine how language communities shape the knowledge that is presented and trusted.<\/li><li><strong>Resource:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/undark.org\/2021\/08\/12\/wikipedia-has-a-language-problem-heres-how-to-fix-it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikipedia Has a Language Problem. Here&rsquo;s How to Fix It<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><b>Latin America &ndash; Invisible Science in Global Media<\/b><\/p><ul><li><strong>Focus:<\/strong> The underrepresentation of Latin American scientists in English-speaking media.<\/li><li><strong>Task:<\/strong> Examine why knowledge produced in non-dominant languages is often undervalued or unseen globally.<\/li><li><strong>Resource<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theopennotebook.com\/2019\/09\/24\/invisible-science-why-are-latin-american-science-stories-absent-in-european-and-u-s-media-outlets\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Invisible Science &ndash; Why Are Latin American Science Stories Absent in European and U.S. Media?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><b>Facebook Mistranslation and Content Moderation<\/b><\/p><ul><li><strong>Focus:<\/strong> The impact of translation systems and moderation policies on the transfer of knowledge.<\/li><li><strong>Task:<\/strong> Examine the impact of automated systems and bias policies on the understanding of cultural and linguistic nuance.<\/li><li><strong>Resource:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2017\/oct\/24\/facebook-palestine-israel-translates-good-morning-attack-them-arrest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Facebook Translation Fail Leads to Arrest<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><b>Language Infrastructures and the Future of the Internet<\/b><\/p><ul><li><strong>Focus:<\/strong> The way language influences not just content, but the systems that build and deliver knowledge online.<\/li><li><strong>Task:<\/strong> Examine the potential impact of linguistic &ldquo;bubbles&rdquo; online.<\/li><li><strong>Resource:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/A8ms05XU5ik?si=J4sL6PBYy7g9PbFm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Will technology end the English Language&rsquo;s global domination?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-5892\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse5892\" aria-controls=\"collapse5892\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Introduction<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse5892\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-5892\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p>Review key arguments from the Lesson 1 debate on the guiding question: Does the dominance of a language shape what is visible and valued on the internet?<\/p><p>Quick group reflection:<\/p><ul><li>What claims did you find most convincing or most problematic in last class&rsquo;s debate?<\/li><li>Were there any claims that felt hard to prove or lacked real-world examples?<\/li><\/ul><p>Present the task&rsquo;s central question: <em>Does the dominance of a language shape what is visible and valued on the internet?<\/em><\/p><p>The emphasis is on applying power, culture, and perspective to evaluate how language shapes digital knowledge.<\/p><p>Explain that in today's lesson, students will investigate how real-world language practices, policies, and technologies (e.g., translation tools, media coverage, platform design) influence what becomes visible or credible online.<\/p><p>Clarify that the goal is to move from opinion to evidence. These case studies are not about language in theory &mdash; they&rsquo;re about who gets heard, trusted, or erased online because of language.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-5893\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse5893\" aria-controls=\"collapse5893\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Main Activity<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse5893\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-5893\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><b>Presentations<\/b><\/p><p>Students present their case studies to the class.<\/p><p>Students should take note of any useful points from other groups&rsquo; presentations to use in the Kialo discussion.<\/p><p><b>Recording Findings in a Kialo Discussion<\/b><\/p><p>Students return to the Kialo discussion from Lesson 1 and:<\/p><ul><li>Add at least one new claim or counterclaim based on their case study.<\/li><li>Reply to at least one peer&rsquo;s argument, using insights from another group&rsquo;s case.<\/li><li>Label their post with the relevant TOK concept (e.g., perspective &mdash; Arabic content suppression).<\/li><\/ul><p><b>Focus areas for Kialo updates:<\/b><\/p><ul><li>Digital gatekeeping: Who controls which languages\/platforms dominate?<\/li><li>Cultural framing: How do translation and language communities shape meaning?<\/li><li>Linguistic inequality: Are all languages and their speakers equally represented or trusted online?<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-5894\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse5894\" aria-controls=\"collapse5894\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Reflection Activity<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse5894\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-5894\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p>Discuss the following reflection questions in open discussion or exit ticket format:<\/p><ul><li>How did the case studies challenge or deepen your understanding of how language influences what we see, trust, or ignore online?<\/li><li>Whose knowledge or perspective was missing, silenced, or distorted in the examples you explored &mdash; and why might that matter?<\/li><li>Can knowledge truly be global if it&rsquo;s shaped by a few dominant languages? What are the consequences for those outside that linguistic majority?<\/li><li>How do language, culture, and power interact to determine which knowledge is made visible and which is hidden on the internet?<\/li><li>What responsibilities do we have &mdash; as students, creators, or consumers of knowledge &mdash; to engage with linguistic diversity in digital spaces?<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Related Materials<\/h2><div data-height=\"auto\">\n\t\t\t<p>\n\t\t\t\t<strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kialo-edu.com\/p\/6e9c9605-d807-4509-9a08-ce60e87b4f56\/467508\" referrerpolicy=\"unsafe-url\" rel=\"nofollow\">Does the dominance of a language shape what is visible and valued on the internet?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/strong> &mdash; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kialo-edu.com\" referrerpolicy=\"unsafe-url\">kialo-edu.com<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kialo-edu.com\/assets\/static\/js\/embedded-kialo.min.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n\t\t<\/div><div class=\"embedpress-gutenberg-wrapper source-provider-GoogleDocs aligncenter clear   ep-content-protection-disabled inline\" id=\"2974f07d-a94f-4b41-8f10-0135e3b88d75\" data-embed-type=\"GoogleDocs \">\n            <div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper \">\n                <div id=\"ep-gutenberg-content-cc4c202f79bf43866c051248c0d04c8b\" class=\"ep-gutenberg-content\">\n                    <div>\n                        <div class=\"ep-embed-content-wraper preset-default insta-grid ep-google-photos-carousel\">\n\n                            <div class=\"ose-google-docs ose-uid-d26f5a993e11076e2aed7c7613441251 ose-embedpress-responsive\" style=\"width:600px; height:600px; max-height:600px; max-width:100%; display:inline-block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/presentation\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vST4ZG2bvYscp-VXs2LLQdo4GfAveoCZQsXzUKzerGobKjhyqGonhcQSd2UuN1NZBI8bjVDKq96e8Lb\/embed?start=false&amp;loop=false&amp;delayms=3000\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" mozallowfullscreen=\"true\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"true\" title=\"Lingua Franca, Lesson 2\"><\/iframe><\/div>                        <\/div>\n\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lesson 2: Fact-Finding TaskFocus: Does the dominance of a language shape what is visible and valued on the internet?Learning objectives: Critical Thinking Concepts TOK Concepts Reflection Questions Confronting Biases and Assumptions: Recognize how language dominance can reflect geopolitical, economic, or institutional power. Exploring Contexts: Examine how translation, moderation, and platform design reflect or erase cultural [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"wds_primary_doc_category":0,"wds_primary_doc_tag":0,"footnotes":""},"doc_category":[24],"doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-595","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","doc_category-knowledge-language"],"acf":[],"year_month":"2026-05","word_count":249,"total_views":"11","reactions":{"happy":"0","normal":"0","sad":"0"},"author_info":{"name":"Louise","author_nicename":"louise","author_url":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/author\/louise\/"},"doc_category_info":[{"term_name":"Knowledge and Language","term_url":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/docs-category\/knowledge-language\/"}],"doc_tag_info":[],"knowledge_base_info":[],"knowledge_base_slug":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/595","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=595"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/595\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=595"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_category?post=595"},{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=595"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}