{"id":2137,"date":"2025-11-05T10:35:22","date_gmt":"2025-11-05T10:35:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/?post_type=docs&#038;p=2137"},"modified":"2025-11-05T10:35:28","modified_gmt":"2025-11-05T10:35:28","password":"","slug":"ethical-restrictions-in-human-sciences-lesson-2","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/docs\/ethical-restrictions-in-human-sciences-lesson-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Ethical Restrictions in Human Sciences, Lesson 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lesson 2: Fact-Finding Task<\/h2><p><strong>Focus:<\/strong> <em>How do real-world controversies in the human sciences reveal tensions between responsibility, power, and perspective?<\/em><\/p><p>Suggested Length: 1 hour<\/p><p>Learning Objectives:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Analyze case studies where ethical standards in human sciences were contested, violated, or debated.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Understand how different perspectives influence what counts as &ldquo;responsible&rdquo; knowledge.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apply TOK concepts to evaluate how ethical knowledge is constructed or undermined.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Substantiate or challenge claims from Lesson 1 with real-world evidence and ethical reasoning.<\/li>\n<\/ul><figure class=\"wp-block-table align-top\"><table class=\"has-background has-fixed-layout\" style=\"background-color:#e9f1f9\"><thead><tr><th>Critical Thinking Concepts<\/th><th>TOK Concepts<\/th><th>Reflection Questions<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Confronting Biases &amp; Assumptions:<\/strong> Analyze how the assumption that human sciences research is objective can obscure the influence of power, funding, or ideology on what is studied.<br><br><strong>Responsiveness and Flexibility of Thought:<\/strong> Weigh researcher justifications against participant testimonies, media reporting, and public reactions to develop a more nuanced understanding of ethics in human sciences.<br><br><strong>Extrapolation &amp; Reapplication of Principles:<\/strong> Relate lessons from historical cases to current debates around AI ethics, surveillance capitalism, or the use of behavioral science in politics.<\/td><td><strong>Responsibility: <\/strong>Who is responsible for protecting participants in human sciences research? <br><br><strong>Power:<\/strong> How do power structures shape which studies are conducted, silenced, or publicized?<br><br><strong>Perspective:<\/strong> How do cultural, social, and historical viewpoints influence what counts as ethical or unethical research?<\/td><td>Can efforts to make human sciences research more inclusive ever be truly equal when access to funding, authority, and publication remains uneven?<br><br>What role should credibility, transparency, and responsibility play in deciding whether human sciences knowledge is accepted or contested?<br><br>Should all human sciences research that affects public wellbeing require broader social consultation, or are there exceptions?<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><style>#sp-ea-2201 .spcollapsing { height: 0; overflow: hidden; transition-property: height;transition-duration: 300ms;}#sp-ea-2201.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single {margin-bottom: 10px; border: 1px solid #e2e2e2; }#sp-ea-2201.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.ea-header a {color: #444;}#sp-ea-2201.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.sp-collapse>.ea-body {background: #fff; color: #444;}#sp-ea-2201.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single {background: #eee;}#sp-ea-2201.sp-easy-accordion>.sp-ea-single>.ea-header a .ea-expand-icon { float: left; color: #444;font-size: 16px;}<\/style><div id=\"sp_easy_accordion-1762239897\"><div id=\"sp-ea-2201\" class=\"sp-ea-one sp-easy-accordion\" data-ea-active=\"ea-click\" data-ea-mode=\"vertical\" data-preloader=\"\" data-scroll-active-item=\"\" data-offset-to-scroll=\"0\"><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-22010\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse22010\" aria-controls=\"collapse22010\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Resources and Preparation<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse22010\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-22010\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><ol><li>Slides, attached below.<\/li><li>Students will need access to their Kialo discussions from Lesson 1.<\/li><li>Ensure students complete the homework preparation task.<\/li><li>Videos\/readings accompanying the case studies of your choice should be viewed in advance.<\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-22011\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse22011\" aria-controls=\"collapse22011\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Homework Preparation Task<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse22011\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-22011\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><b>Case Study Task<\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Divide students into small groups and assign each group a real world case study. Students will add their findings to the Kialo discussion from Lesson 1.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Each group will:<\/span><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reflect on how the case connects to the concepts discussed in Lesson 1.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Explore the case using provided resources and their own research.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Prepare a short presentation (5&ndash;7 minutes) responding to the question: &ldquo;How does the chosen case highlight the ethical responsibilities and power dynamics in human sciences?&rdquo;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students should include details of:<\/span><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What happened in the case.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Who had power to decide or act (researchers, governments, corporations, participants).<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Which perspectives were marginalized or excluded.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Which TOK concept (responsibility, power, perspective) is most relevant.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whether the case supports or challenges a claim from Lesson 1.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p><b>Case Study Options<\/b><\/p><p><b>Tuskegee Syphilis Study (1932&ndash;72, USA)<\/b><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Focus: African American men denied treatment in order to &ldquo;study&rdquo; disease progression.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Key Question: Can knowledge produced through exploitation ever be legitimate?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Suggested Sources: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.history.com\/articles\/the-infamous-40-year-tuskegee-study\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tuskegee Experiment: The Infamous Syphilis Study | HISTORY<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=afwK2CVpc9E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Tuskegee Study - YouTube<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><b>Stanford Prison Experiment (1971)<\/b><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Focus: Simulated prison spiraled into psychological abuse of participants.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Key Question: Did Zimbardo uncover truths about power or simply create unethical suffering?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Suggested Sources: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=KND_bBDE8RQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Stanford Prison Experiment - YouTube<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Stanford-Prison-Experiment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stanford Prison Experiment | History &amp; Facts | Britannica<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><b>Cambridge Analytica &amp; Facebook Data Harvesting (2016)<\/b><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Focus: Psychological profiling and big data used to sway elections.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Key Question: Where is the line between behavioral science and manipulation<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Suggested Sources: <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/Q91nvbJSmS4?si=QM3zmW7urp4LoBa-\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Youtube - Cambridge Analytica<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-22012\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse22012\" aria-controls=\"collapse22012\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Introduction<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse22012\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-22012\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Recap Lesson 1: Review key claims from the Kialo discussion on whether ethical restrictions limit or strengthen human sciences.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Prompt: Which arguments from Lesson 1 did you find most convincing or flawed? Did any claims rely too much on assumptions without real-world support?<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Present the guiding question for this lesson: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">How do real-world controversies in human sciences reveal tensions between responsibility, power, and perspective?<\/span><\/i><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Emphasize applying responsibility, power, and perspective to evaluate how human sciences research is judged by institutions, governments, corporations, the public, and affected communities.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-22013\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse22013\" aria-controls=\"collapse22013\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Main Activity<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse22013\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-22013\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><b>Bridge to Lesson 2:<\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Explain that in this lesson, students will explore real-world human sciences controversies where:<\/span><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Research practices were ethically challenged, ignored, or revised (Tuskegee, Stanford Prison).<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Perspectives from media, participants, governments, and corporations shaped whether the research was seen as legitimate or abusive.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">These cases highlight that human sciences knowledge is not neutral, universally accepted, or free from social values and power structures.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Clarify the shift: This is no longer about theory alone &mdash; students are now testing claims from Lesson 1 using historical and contemporary ethical examples.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reinforce the goal: Move from debate to evidence-based evaluation. These case studies should help students understand how human sciences knowledge is constructed, challenged, or reshaped within ethical, institutional, and social frameworks<\/span><b><\/b><\/p><p><b>Presentations:<\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Student groups present their case studies (e.g., Tuskegee, Stanford Prison, Cambridge Analytica, AI bias). <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students take notes on useful points from other groups to bring back into the Kialo discussion.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p><p><b>Recording Findings in a Kialo Discussion:<\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students return to the Kialo discussion from Lesson 1 and:<\/span><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Add at least one new claim or counterclaim based on their case study.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reply to at least one peer&rsquo;s argument, using insights from another group&rsquo;s case.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Label their post with the relevant TOK concept (e.g., Responsibility &ndash; Tuskegee, Power &ndash; Cambridge Analytica, Perspective &ndash; AI bias).<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><b>Focus areas for Kialo updates:<\/b><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ethical Gatekeeping: Who decides which human sciences research is permitted, funded, or published and who gets excluded?<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Institutional Authority: How do governments, universities, or corporations influence the perceived legitimacy of human sciences research?<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Trust and Responsibility: How do ethical breaches (Tuskegee, Facebook) impact public trust in research?<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Knowledge Inequality: Are all voices &mdash; especially marginalized communities, participants, or whistleblowers &mdash; treated equally in setting ethical boundaries?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ea-card sp-ea-single\"><h3 class=\"ea-header\"><a class=\"collapsed\" id=\"ea-header-22014\" role=\"button\" data-sptoggle=\"spcollapse\" data-sptarget=\"#collapse22014\" aria-controls=\"collapse22014\" href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"ea-expand-icon eap-icon-ea-expand-plus\"><\/i> Reflection Activity<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"sp-collapse spcollapse spcollapse\" id=\"collapse22014\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"ea-header-22014\"> <div class=\"ea-body\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Discuss the following reflection questions in open discussion or exit ticket format:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">How did your case study affect your understanding of who gets to define and legitimize &ldquo;ethical&rdquo; research in human sciences?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What made certain examples feel more like abuse of power or institutional interference versus genuine ethical responsibility or protection?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In your case, who had the most control over the ethical narrative: researchers, governments, corporations, or participants?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Can efforts to make human sciences research more inclusive ever be truly equal when access to funding, authority, and publication remains uneven?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What role should credibility, transparency, and responsibility play in deciding whether human sciences knowledge is accepted or contested?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Should all human sciences research that affects public wellbeing (e.g., health, behavior, elections, surveillance) require broader social consultation or are there exceptions?<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div data-height=\"auto\">\n\t\t\t<p>\n\t\t\t\t<strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kialo-edu.com\/p\/73fe3284-cc83-407a-bb39-58a5a9d15652\/571896\" referrerpolicy=\"unsafe-url\" rel=\"nofollow\">Do ethical restrictions limit the progress of human sciences?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/strong> &mdash; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kialo-edu.com\" referrerpolicy=\"unsafe-url\">kialo-edu.com<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kialo-edu.com\/assets\/static\/js\/embedded-kialo.min.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n\t\t<\/div><figure class=\"wp-block-embedpress-embedpress aligncenter\" data-source-id=\"source-984fa89a-b60a-4a0c-be78-5abd6de6caa2\" data-embed-type=\"GoogleDocs\"><div class=\"gutenberg-block-wraper  \"><div class=\"position-right-wraper ep-embed-content-wraper   \" style=\"position:relative;display:inline-block\"><div class=\"ose-google-docs ose-uid-57062d1214b20fc8a1e24e2703f61469 ose-embedpress-responsive\" style=\"width:600px; height:600px; max-height:600px; max-width:100%; display:inline-block;\" data-embed-type=\"GoogleDocs\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/presentation\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vRn5UWc6jwKPzpNNCw3XOQISF4b3QbL7MFT7d7SMLwDh2Z5RQ5pYtYaCz1lLTfHC-xJ1Qlg1FkhqXje\/embed?start=false&amp;loop=false&amp;delayms=3000\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" mozallowfullscreen=\"true\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"width:600px;height:600px;max-width:100%;\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/div><\/div><style>\n                    [data-source-id=\"source-984fa89a-b60a-4a0c-be78-5abd6de6caa2\"] .ose-embedpress-responsive{\n                        width: 600px!important;\n                        height: 600px!important;\n                        max-height: 600px!important;\n                    }\n                    [data-source-id=\"source-984fa89a-b60a-4a0c-be78-5abd6de6caa2\"] iframe{\n                        width: 600px!important;\n                        height: 600px!important;\n                        max-height: 600px!important;\n                    }\n                    [data-source-id=\"source-984fa89a-b60a-4a0c-be78-5abd6de6caa2\"] .embedpress-yt-subscribe iframe{\n                        height: 100%!important;\n                    }\n                    [data-source-id=\"source-984fa89a-b60a-4a0c-be78-5abd6de6caa2\"] .ose-youtube > iframe{\n                        height: 600px!important;\n                        width: 600px!important;\n                    }\n                    [data-source-id=\"source-984fa89a-b60a-4a0c-be78-5abd6de6caa2\"] .ose-youtube{\n                        height: 600px!important;\n                        width: 600px!important;\n                    }\n                    [data-source-id=\"source-984fa89a-b60a-4a0c-be78-5abd6de6caa2\"] .ose-giphy img{\n                        height: 600px!important;\n                        width: 600px!important;\n                    }\n                    [data-source-id=\"source-984fa89a-b60a-4a0c-be78-5abd6de6caa2\"] .ose-google-docs img{\n                        height: 600px!important;\n                        width: 600px!important;\n                    }\n                    [data-source-id=\"source-984fa89a-b60a-4a0c-be78-5abd6de6caa2\"] .ose-embedpress-responsive.ose-google-photos{\n                        height: 100% !important;\n                        max-height: 100% !important;\n                    }\n\n                    [data-source-id=\"source-984fa89a-b60a-4a0c-be78-5abd6de6caa2\"] .embera-embed-responsive-provider-gettyimages,\n                    [data-source-id=\"source-984fa89a-b60a-4a0c-be78-5abd6de6caa2\"] .embera-embed-responsive-provider-gettyimages iframe,\n                    [data-source-id=\"source-984fa89a-b60a-4a0c-be78-5abd6de6caa2\"] .getty{\n                        width: 600px!important;\n                        height: 600px!important;\n                        max-height: 600px!important;\n                        max-width: 100%!important;\n                    }\n                    <\/style><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lesson 2: Fact-Finding TaskFocus: How do real-world controversies in the human sciences reveal tensions between responsibility, power, and perspective?Suggested Length: 1 hourLearning Objectives: Critical Thinking Concepts TOK Concepts Reflection Questions Confronting Biases &amp; Assumptions: Analyze how the assumption that human sciences research is objective can obscure the influence of power, funding, or ideology on what [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":52,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"wds_primary_doc_category":0,"wds_primary_doc_tag":0,"footnotes":""},"doc_category":[39],"doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-2137","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","doc_category-human-science"],"acf":[],"year_month":"2026-05","word_count":453,"total_views":"12","reactions":{"happy":"0","normal":"0","sad":"0"},"author_info":{"name":"stephanie","author_nicename":"stephanie","author_url":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/author\/stephanie\/"},"doc_category_info":[{"term_name":"The Human Sciences","term_url":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/docs-category\/human-science\/"}],"doc_tag_info":[],"knowledge_base_info":[],"knowledge_base_slug":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2137","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/52"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2137"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2137\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2137"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_category?post=2137"},{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resources.kialo-edu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=2137"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}